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Vliv lesa na migraci a sedimentaci rizikových prvků a vybrané environmentální problémy
Juřička, David
The research of the dissertation thesis was focused on the ability of forests to activate and immobilize metals in the environment with their huge grants from deep mining of mineral resources. The research was be located in the area of Rožná with ongoing uranium mining, and area of Olší with ended uranium mining in the Czech Republic. During the years 2014 and 2015 was at the alluvial streams of Nedvědička (Rožná) and Hadůvka (Olší) recipients of pollution by radionuclides and metals from mining, taken in spring and autumn aspect of the overall 380 samples of leaves from trees, herb layer and river sediments. The samples were analyzed by the XFR and ICP-OES methods. In the organic matter were found such as elements Al, Cl, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, S, Sr, U, Zn and Zr, in many cases at high concentrations corresponding to polluted areas in the mining or industrial areas. A statistically significant difference in the concentrations of chemical elements in the fytomasss and river sediment between the upper, middle and lower stream areas of interest was not found. In the area of Nedvědička were found higher concentrations of a greater range of metals than in the area of Hadůvka. In the area of Hadůvka were by ICP-OES found significantly higher levels of uranium in the leaves than in the area of Nedvědička, reaching up to 34.86 mg.kg-1 in the dried material.The seasonal dynamics of the content of chemical elements in fytomass was confirmed. The species composition of the forest growth in the areas of interest with a predominance of Picea abies and the type of management has been evaluated as unfavorable for immobilization of metals in the environment. In the area of Nedvědička were suggested corrective actions - planting vegetation with a predominance of Fagus silvatica which should have a beneficial effect on soil and water pH by a suitable character of waste and contribute to the spread of inhibition of metals in the environment. In the area of Hadůvka are the suggested measures focused on the redevelopment of existing vegetation with a predominance of Picea abies on vegetation with a predominance of deciduous trees, especially Fagus silvatica, in order to adjust gradually the pH of the soil and thereby reduce the mobility of metals in the environment.
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Gas trade
Andrsová, Nicola ; Čajka, Radek (advisor) ; Bolotov, Ilya (referee)
The bachelor work deals with the natural gas as a commodity, transport and storage potions, world gas market and its development since 80s of the last century. It also extends the possibility of using gas in the future for a variety of purposes. The main theme is the Czech Republic's position in the global gas business, especially in terms of relations with the European Union, Ukraine, and Russia. The analysis in this part is based on data on gas reserves in the world, the volume of production and consumption of gas and gas flows throughout Europe from the major exporters, especially the gas flows from Russia via Ukraine. For the Czech Republic, it focuses on the possibilities of enhancing energy self-sufficiency, especially the construction of the gas tank in a premises of Rožná gas storage and Mozart pipeline, which would mean the Czech and Austrian gas system hook-up. Consideration must also be given the ongoing Russian-Ukrainian gas crisis and its impact on gas supplies to Europe and/or the Czech Republic. The aim of this work is to outline the development of gas trade, the possibility of its further use, otuline the basic principles of the European legislation and the options for enhancing energy self-sufficiency of the Czech Republic and also to evaluate the Russian-Ukrainian gas crisis.
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